The landscape of America’s elder care environment is changing. An increasing number of seniors are seeking to prolong their physical independence. Economic pressures spurred by the 2008 recession as well as the elevated disease risk posed by the COVID-19 pandemic have caused many seniors and their families to consider options other than a nursing facility for elder care. Let’s look at some ways elder care is changing, and at in-home care’s growing role in senior living. 

Maintaining Independence

An increasing number of seniors have shown reluctance to enter a skilled nursing facility unless absolutely necessary. A major driver of this trend is the fact that people are living longer and are remaining functional well into their senior years. These seniors are able to live independently but may require some assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs), such as basic mobility, shopping, transportation, meal preparation, dressing, and light housekeeping.

Many seniors can maintain their independence with once or twice weekly visits from an in-home caregiver. Familiar surroundings have been shown to have a positive effect on mood, memory, and cognitive function among seniors. Also, independent living helps elders to maintain a sense of autonomy and self-sufficiency that is lacking in a nursing facility environment.  

Reduced Costs

Another major force in the move toward in-home care is economic. Skilled nursing facilities are expensive, and many seniors lack the resources for initial buy-in costs or the high monthly fees charged by many long-term or skilled nursing facilities.

In-home care offers a substantial cost reduction when compared with full-time residency care. A caregiver can visit as often as needed and can provide the services, comfort, emotional support, companionship and intellectual stimulation that clients need to thrive—without incurring the high costs of residency living.

The Return of the Multi-Generational Home

During the first half of the 20th century, it was common for three or more generations of family members to reside under one roof. And there were some real economic benefits to this arrangement. Family income earners could pool their resources and share childcare responsibilities, while elders helped with chores and were cared for in the home. Multigenerational homes are on the rise again, with the advocacy group Generations United reporting that 51.4 million Americans now reside in multigenerational households, a 10% increase over figures from 2007.  This trend reverses that of the late 20th century, which tended to promote a nuclear family structure.

Given America’s growing number of multigenerational households, more families are searching for competent and compassionate care options within the home setting. In-home care aides can visit with elder family members once or more a week, as needed, and can assist with many ADLs. By providing these essential services, in-home caregivers can free family members to address remaining obligations.

Positive Health Impacts of In-Home Care

In-home elder care also provides some real health benefits for seniors. First, because it allows customized care in a familiar setting, home care increases comfort for clients. Regular one-on-one interactions between caregiver and client can also help slow cognitive decline. Caregivers can make use of a client’s familiar surroundings to create memory joggers to assist those with cognitive deficits or memory problems, as often accompany dementia.

In-home care has also been shown to reduce recovery times for seniors who’ve experienced a fall or surgical procedure, helping them bounce back both physically and emotionally.

Another advantage of in-home senior care is that family members are welcome to share their input with caregivers—helping to determine the best ways to share duties and delegate responsibilities.

At 5 Star Home Care, we provide compassionate and skilled caregivers for seniors seeking to maintain their independence. Our caregivers are experienced in working in the home setting and can assist with vital daily duties, provide companionship and conversation, and support effective communication between family members.

Looking for an alternative to senior residency care? Contact us today!

The post How Elder Care Is Changing In America — The Growing Role of In-Home Care appeared first on 5 Star Home Care.

Most of us take for granted the human body’s ability to maintain and regulate temperature (maintaining this equilibrium is part of what’s called homeostasis). We all sweat when we’re warm and shiver when we’re cold, but the physiologic picture becomes more complex for elders, whose bodies may lose their ability to self-regulate temperature effectively.

The results of overexposure to heat can be severe, and may include:
• heat exhaustion
• dehydration
• cardiovascular problems
• unconsciousness
• and even death

Elders are also more likely to have pre-existing medical conditions that may exacerbate the negative effects of heat exposure.  Some prescription medications can also negatively affect the body’s ability to regulate and maintain a stable temperature. Combine these risks, and it’s easy to see why seniors and their caregivers should be especially vigilant for signs of heat-related illness. Other risk factors include obesity, use of non-prescribed drugs, and alcohol use.

Spotting the Signs of Heat Stress Early

One way to address the increased risk for heat-related illness among elders is to understand the physiologic signs. These may include:

• Heat rash — a mild skin irritation caused by excessive perspiration.
• Muscle cramps — often caused by loss of critical electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), often as a side-effect of dehydration.
• Heat exhaustion (or heat stroke) — when perspiration fails to cool the body adequately, body temperature can rise quickly to dangerous levels. Symptoms include throbbing headache, rapid pulse, shallow breathing, body temp > 103ºF, nausea, confusion, muscle twitches, loss of consciousness, and seizures. If untreated, heat sickness can be fatal.
  

Preventing Heat-related Illness among Seniors

Heat-related illness does not require extreme temperatures. It can occur during what most would consider a pleasant summer day, if other conditions (such as dehydration or pre-existing health problems) are present. So while one person may be asymptomatic, another may already be exhibiting signs of heat-related stress.
So how can you help prevent heat-related health problems before they occur? Here are some tips you use as a guide…

• Stay hydrated. Hydration is a key weapon in the fight against heat-related health problems. Dehydration can result in electrolyte imbalances (depleted sodium and potassium levels) and can greatly exacerbate the effects of heat sickness. Adults should consume 5 to 6 8oz glasses of water (not coffee, alcohol, or sweetened soft drinks) daily.
• Keep your body cool. When air-conditioning isn’t an option, it’s important to take other measures to keep your body cool. These can include: wearing light clothing (cotton or linen), keeping sources of fresh air open, and using fans to circulate stagnant air.
• Avoid strenuous activities. Physical activity demands more energy and raises body temperature. Don’t attempt strenuous exercise or work during the hottest part of the day.
• Take a cool shower or bath. One quick way to reduce body temperature is to take a cool (not cold) shower or bath. Lightly towel dry or air dry afterward to allow for maximal body cooling.

How Home Care Can Help

Today, many independently living seniors are turning to in-home caregivers to help them manage their daily lives. A caregiver can help monitor each client’s health by…

• Preparing nutritious meals
• Ensuring healthy water consumption
• Checking that all prescription meds are taken as directed
• Assisting with bathing
• Assisting in dressing (e.g., choosing clothes appropriate to the weather)

An in-home caregiver also serves as another set of eyes—someone who knows what’s “normal” for your loved one, and can easily spot signs of dehydration or heat illness before they become severe.

We hope you find this article helpful. If you or someone you know is an independently living senior, contact 5 Star Home Care today and discover how in-home care can promote healthy living and increase quality of life. We’re eager to hear from you. Please contact us today.

5 Star Home Care serves the Philadelphia metro area, including Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties. Contact us today, and discover what peace of mind feels like.

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Under-diagnosis of depression can lead to insufficient treatment and to an increase in symptom severity; however, over-diagnosis may mean that patients receive unneeded medications, which may have adverse side-effects. For this reason, it is particularly important to learn to recognize the symptoms of depression, Alzheimer’s, and dementia to identify each disorder by differential diagnosis.

Depression, Alzheimer’s, and Dementia: Shared Symptoms

One challenge to clinicians, professional caregivers, and family members are the similarities between depression, Alzheimer’s, and dementia symptoms. Among seniors, early-stage dementia, Alzheimer’s, and depression can result in:

• Memory deficits
• Withdrawal from social life
• Loss of interest in family, hobbies, etc.
• Inability to concentrate for sustained periods
• Changes in sleep patterns (over- or under-sleeping)

Reaching a complete and accurate diagnosis often depends on going beyond these initial observations and looking deeper into an individual’s complete clinical picture.

Recognizing Dementia or Alzheimer’s

While the causes of cognitive decline among seniors are not fully understood, common symptoms can include:

• Memory loss
• Confusion
• Difficulty in performing activities of daily living (cooking, dressing, bathing, toileting).

Worsening cognitive decline can prove frustrating and disheartening to those with dementia or Alzheimer’s—making it harder for them to keep up with conversations, remember daily routines, make shopping lists, follow recipes, etc. Together, feelings of frustration or disconnection can have negative effects on mood, often spawning depressive episodes. While depressive episodes among seniors with dementia or Alzheimer’s may be less severe or of shorter duration, they should be taken seriously in any care plan.

Recognizing Depression

Unlike dementia and Alzheimer’s, depression is a mood disorder, with symptoms that are largely identified via a person’s affect. Depression sufferers tend to exhibit similar symptoms, which may include:
• Persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness
• Persistent feelings of worthlessness
• Loss of pleasure in daily activities or interests
• Social isolation
• Reduced appetite or food consumption
• Sleep disturbances
• Agitation or irritability
• Fatigue
• Suicidal thoughts
Understanding these symptoms and learning to recognize them can help guide informed treatment decisions.

Confounding Factors

Reaching a clear diagnosis can often be confounded by other factors. These can include an elder’s prior medical history, lack of proper nutrition, and unanticipated interactions between prescribed medications.  In addition, dementia, Alzheimer’s, and depression can present concomitantly in the same patient, making diagnosis more challenging. And many patients with more advanced dementia or Alzheimer’s may find it difficult to articulate their feelings. Taken together, these factors emphasize the need to evaluate an individual’s complete clinical picture when refining a diagnosis. 

How an In-Home Caregiver Can Help

As we age, we often need assistance in performing daily tasks such as shopping or preparing meals. An in-home caregiver can help independently living seniors meet these challenges in an autonomous setting. Plus, an in-home caregiver has the opportunity to observe each client in the comfortable and familiar surroundings of the home.

An aide can see how each client performs daily activities and can assess areas in need of help. For example, a home caregiver may notice that a client has lost interest in reading or knitting. They may notice food going spoiled in the fridge, or appointments missed on the calendar. These markers can help build a complete picture of the client’s daily life, mood, and cognitive challenges. From this unique viewpoint, an in-home caregiver can provide invaluable support, as well as keeping family members and medical personnel informed of any changes in a client’s mood or cognitive abilities. 

We hope you find this article helpful. At 5 Star Home Care, we remain committed to supporting both the physical and emotional needs of each client we serve. If you or someone you love is an independently living senior in need of in-home assistance, we’re here to help. 

5 Star Home Care serves the Philadelphia metro area, including Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties. Contact us today, and discover what peace of mind feels like. Contact us today.

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Elder Care in the Age of Coronavirus

This abrupt increase in nursing home fatalities adds to already existing pressure to reform elder care in the U.S. Right now, for example, most skilled nursing facilities have two principal income streams—long- and short-term residents. Long-term residents are those who require assistance to perform activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing, toileting, and eating. These patients currently account for about half of nursing home revenue. The short-term residents are typically former hospital patients requiring physical rehabilitation before returning home.

Unfortunately these skilled nursing centers have seen a dramatic spike in COVID-19 case rates and fatalities, making patients and families who have a choice more reluctant to place themselves or their loved ones at risk.

Transforming Traditional Nursing Home Care

Pressure to transform traditional nursing home care has come from other areas too. Advocates for the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 steadfastly pointed out that in-home care is a safer, more humane, and less expensive alternative to nursing home care. In response, home care and government entities have expanded the number of senior housing units, specifically for those transitioning from nursing home to community care.

Some states, like Pennsylvania, have made strides to increase in-home care, even creating a governmental agency focused specifically on transitioning patients from nursing facilities to in-home care. Right now in Pennsylvania over 60% of patients receiving federal funds for long-term care are living outside a nursing home. This relieves the burden on skilled nursing facilities and staff, while reducing coronavirus transmission risk and providing patients with care in the comfort and familiarity of their own homes.

Where to from Here?

The future for traditional nursing homes remains uncertain. And while there will be a continuing need for the long-term care of patients who are unable to live independently, the current trend is leaning hard toward revamping and updating the way we as a national community view elder care.

Shifting the emphasis of elder care from nursing homes to in-home care offers several distinct advantages over the current system…

• In-home care reduces the risk for acquired disease. Coronavirus has shown us the health risks of interacting within closed or semi-closed communities such as schools, prisons, and nursing homes. In fact, the risk for all communicable diseases decreases for patients who are receiving care outside an institutionalized setting.
• In-home care improves morale and health outcomes. Patients tend to recover faster and to report better mood when allowed to recuperate or receive treatment at home. 
• In-home care is less expensive. An in-home aide may visit anywhere from 2 to 7 days a week to assist a client with shopping, transportation, doctor’s appointments, and light housework. The typical cost of those services in a hospital setting is many times higher than the costs of in-home care
• A personal touch. In-home caregivers are experienced not only in providing essential services but in being good companions. Many independently living seniors report bouts of loneliness and depression.  Regular visits from a home care-aide can provide the companionship and emotional support needed for maintaining overall physical and mental health. 5 Star Home Care serves the Philadelphia metro area, including Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties. 

Contact us today, and discover what peace of mind feels like. That’s why we work closely with each family to ensure that your loved ones get the compassionate care they need. If you or someone you know is an independently living senior who may need assistance in performing their daily activities, contact us today and discover how we can help.

The post Beyond the Pandemic: The Expanding Role of In-Home Care appeared first on 5 Star Home Care.

Causes of Dehydration among Seniors

To understand how best to prevent and treat dehydration in elders, it’s important to identify potential causes. Water depletion can be caused by fever, diabetes insipidus, essential hypernatremia (increased sodium levels), hypodipsia (decreased thirst), and other factors. Dehydration can be complicated by electrolyte loss that may result from diuretic medications, renal salt wastage, adrenal insufficiency, vomiting or diarrhea, excessive sweating, or even burns.

It’s also important to note that elders can perceive thirst differently than their younger counterparts. Simply “not feeling thirsty” is often cited as a reason that elders report low water intake that can lead to dehydration. And the less body fluids there are, the lower the kidney function—a dangerous cycle if left unchecked. Understanding these factors can help clinicians, home care aides, and family members prevent dehydration before it becomes a serious health problem.

Symptoms of Dehydration

Spotting the symptoms of dehydration early can help prevent more severe consequences if left unnoticed.

Mild symptoms include:

• Dry mouth
• Thickened saliva
• Difficulty passing urine
• Darkened urine
• Constipation,
• Cramping of limb muscles
• Weakness, sleepiness, and irritability.

If dehydration is left untreated, it can result in more severe effects, such as:

• Low blood pressure,
• Gastrointestinal bloating
• Rapid pulse and respiration
• Loss of skin elasticity
• Convulsions

Dehydration, UTI’s, and Dementia

Among patients with existing cognitive deficits, a fluid or electrolyte imbalance can be complicated by a urinary tract infection (UTI). Seniors with dementia often experience a spike in cognitive symptoms when they develop a concurrent UTI. Increased rates of confusion, disorientation, memory loss, and even combativeness have been seen in cognitively impaired seniors suffering from a UTI. Fortunately, antibiotic treatment over 5–10 days usually stops the UTI, and results in a return of cognitive health following treatment.

Preventing Dehydration—How Much Water is Healthy?

As a general rule, divide a person’s body weight in pounds by 3 to yield the amount of water (in ounces) that they should consume daily. For example, a 150-pound person (150 divided by 3 = 50) should consume approximately 50 ounces of water—or about 6 8-ounce cups—daily.

If your loved one isn’t consuming a sufficient amount of water daily, don’t panic. Water isn’t our only hydration source. Fruits, juices, puddings, and even power drinks like Gatorade can help maintain fluid and electrolyte levels without dramatically increasing drinking water intake.

The Role of Home Care

Independently living seniors can handle many of the challenges that life throws at them. But sometimes a little guidance and assistance are required. A visiting or live-in home care aide can help keep your loved one healthy and hydrated by:

– Gently promoting healthy water consumption

– Ensuring that fruits and other alternate water sources are available and fresh

– Checking medication dosing to ensure compliance with any anti-UTI meds

– Staying alert to any changes in behavior or cognition.

– Notifying healthcare professionals of any signs of progressive illness. 

5 Star Home Care serves the Philadelphia metro area, including Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties. 

Contact us today, and discover what peace of mind feels like. That’s why we work closely with each family to ensure that your loved ones get the compassionate care they need. If you or someone you know is an independently living senior who may need assistance in performing their daily activities, contact us today and discover how we can help.

The post Danger of Dehydration and UTIs Among Seniors appeared first on 5 Star Home Care.

If you or a loved one is a senior struggling to maintain mental acuity during this time when sources of outside activity are limited, we have a few tips that may help… 

• A healthy diet can provide your body with the essential raw materials needed for health and optimal brain function. And conversely, poor eating habits can actually worsen both physical and emotional health. Seniors with poor eating habits are more likely to report feelings of depression and listlessness than are those who consume a healthier diet. A balanced diet should include plenty of fruits and vegetables, high in essential vitamins and minerals. 
• Exercise has been shown to improve blood flow to the brain, boost mood, and stimulates the growth of brain cells. If done regularly, even moderate exercise can have positive effects on mood and mental sharpness.  Exercise needn’t be strenuous and can easily be done at home. Ask your physician about creating a safe and effective exercise regimen for you or your loved one. Be sure to mention any physical disabilities or other health issues that might affect exercise tolerance.
• Books, puzzles, games, and brainteasers offer another way to keep seniors’ minds sharp, even in the presence of social isolation. They offer mental stimulation and improve both critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
• Socializing online is another great way to keep seniors connected and engaged with others. Apps such as Zoom and Facetime let seniors stay connected with loved ones and friends, whether they’re miles away or just down the hall. And they take very little tech savvy to set up and use.
• Learning a new skill can be another way to keep seniors’ minds active,  when they can’t get outdoors. The Internet is packed with tutorials that can help you or your loved one get started in the worlds of crafting, crocheting, collecting, or even learning a new language. 
• Work with an in-home caregiver who can provide critical social engagement to independently living seniors. Routine social interaction promotes mental 

If you or someone you know could benefit from in-home care, contact us today! We’re waiting to hear from you. 

With offices in Bala Cynwyd and Philadelphia, 5 Star Home Care serves the Philadelphia metro area, including Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties. Contact us today, and discover what peace of mind feels like.  

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Keep them hydrated

The most important thing for elderly managing chronic conditions is to have water on hand at all times in the heat. Signs of dehydration include stomach cramps, chapped lips, headaches, and dizziness. If any of these signs seem to be affecting an elderly person, get them in a cool place with water immediately. Fluid intake should be at least three litres for men and 2.2 litres for women every day, but it may need to be even higher in warmer temperatures.

Find cool spaces

If a loved one doesn’t want to be cooped up all day during the summer months, figure out a few places in town that they can spend a morning or afternoon while beating the heat. Libraries, shopping malls, movie theaters, and senior centers are all places an elderly person can stay entertained and cool. Stocking up on books and movies from the local library can also be a good way to keep a loved one entertained with an in-home caretaker.

Stay connected

When at work or away from a loved one, be sure that they are able to be contacted at all times. Check in throughout the day, and it’s a good idea to make friends with neighbors in case they don’t respond. In-home care in Philadelphia can help supply a caretaker for the times it isn’t possible to have someone around to make sure a loved one hasn’t gone outside for too long.

Prepare for emergencies

Power outages can be a potentially deadly situation for elderly people and those suffering from conditions that require medical equipment. Check in on a loved one after a storm to make sure the power hasn’t gone out, and have a plan to move them to a safe location with any necessary equipment. It is also a good idea to keep an emergency list of phone numbers in an accessible place to ensure they know who to call if no one is around in an emergency.

Take precautions outdoors

Going outside can be great for elderly loved ones, as it allows them to get some sunshine and do some physical activity. Just be sure to limit time outdoors to a reasonable timeframe, and have a safe, cool place to go in case they become uncomfortable. Additionally, always remember to apply sunscreen and bug spray to prevent sunburns and bug-borne diseases, which can be particularly damaging to elderly people.

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Taking care of senior citizens isn’t something small or something to be overlooked, because seniors often demand a tremendous amount of attention. Just as one has to worry about their little ones, one has to put in the same amount of energy into ensuring that the seniors of the home are being properly taken care of as well.

It’s a real privilege to be able to give back to those who supported us most, but there are a few times when in-home care needs to be considered in Philadelphia.

1. Business Trip

Work is work and when business calls there is almost nothing that anyone can do to avoid going without the risk of losing their job. It is very important to go on business trips, and many times these opportunities cannot be missed. When this happens and one has a senior whom they are solely responsible for caring for at home the best option they can follow is to call for some extra help. Professional care services are staffed with people that are experts in helping seniors and they will be able to cover for a person until they get back.

2. Sickness

It’s not only when one is away that they will find it hard to care for their seniors. Once a person is sick it can be hard to just take care of oneself, let alone their senior relatives. It’s always a good idea to call in some helping hands to take care of one’s senior relative while they get some much-needed rest to themselves.

3. Vacation

Going on a vacation is a good time to relax and whether one is leaving their senior member behind or bringing them along its always a good idea to get help wherever one intends on staying. When one is vacationing they probably want to go out a lot, and this can be too much for an elderly individual. With extra help, a senior will be happily taken care of while everyone else goes out.

Being a caregiver to a senior individual is a lot of work and in order to be able to give the best amount of support as possible, outside help is often required. Getting in-home care is a great idea for when one is forced to go on a business trip, when one is sick themselves, or when one is going on a family vacation.

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1. What is long-term care insurance exactly?

Major medical insurance and Medicare will only cover skilled care. However, long-term care differs from traditional medical care in that you are not necessarily sick. Rather, you require assistance with the basic activities of daily living. Long-term care insurance covers these kinds of expenses in a variety of settings such as nursing homes, assisted living and home care. Agencies like 5 Star Home Care accept long-term care insurance.

2. Won’t I be covered by Medicaid if I can’t pay for long-term care?

This is a common misconception. Medicaid will not pay for long-term care until an individual has used up their assets. Obviously this is not an ideal scenario. Among many potential financial hardships, it also means there will be no inheritance for future generations. It’s also important to note that federal law states that nursing homes only have to accept a certain number of Medicaid patients if they participate. Once they reach their quota, they can refuse Medicaid patients. This can greatly limit your options, and might mean you have to choose a facility far from home. It also puts home care out of the equation for many.

3. Do I really need long-term care insurance?

Since no one can predict their health, the best you can do is evaluate the factors most likely to affect your long-term needs.

• Your age and health – Policies increase as you grow older, and some insurers won’t cover certain diagnoses. You may also want to consider purchasing your policy before you turn 64 and qualify for Medicare. With the number of preventative screenings offered, your doctor could uncover a condition that would prevent you from being approved.
• Family history – If you have a family history of certain illnesses that require long-term care, you may want to invest in long-term care insurance before you have to pay more. You may also wish to extend the number of years you’re covered depending on your family’s history. Benefit periods are usually three to five years.
• Your current income and assets – If your income is low and you have few assets when you need care, you might qualify for Medicaid fairly quickly, making long-term care insurance an unnecessary expense. See question 4 for more on this.
• Your support system – Do you have family or friends who could provide care on a regular basis? Are you comfortable with this arrangement, and are they? It’s best to have the conversation early. 5 Star Home Caregivers might be the solution, if family or friends are not able to take on this responsibility.

4. Can I afford long-term care insurance?

Since long-term policies are expensive, they may not be right for everyone. Here are some guidelines excerpted from AARP:

• If premiums are less than 5% or less of your anticipated annual retirement income, it’s likely affordable, just bear in mind that the premiums will go up over time.
• If premiums are 5% or more of your anticipated annual retirement income, make sure your budget can handle the cost, and consider the increases over time.
• If you have over $1.5 million in assets, you may have enough to fund your own long-term care.

5. Can I use long-term care insurance to pay for home care?

Yes. But keep in mind that not all policies pay the same for similar services. Be sure to ask as many questions as necessary to understand your individual policy. For example:

• Is there a waiting period before your benefits begin?
• How long is the benefit period, and when does it begin?
• What is the maximum daily benefit?

If staying in your home as you age is your preference and priority, long-term care insurance may be the right option for you. While thinking about a future where you need help taking care of yourself is the last thing you probably want to do, it’s worth it. By planning ahead you can reduce the stress on your family and give yourself a greater control over your future.

5 Star Home Care serves many clients who utilize their long-term care policy to pay for our services. Contact us to learn more so you can be prepared and make sure home care is an option.

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